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Extracting crude oil from the environment includes some risk, and disastrous oil spills have occurred. In this activity, students design a method to contain a certain volume of oil and to minimize contamination of the ecosystem.

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Crude oil is a valued resource for transportation fuels, fuel oils for generating heat and electricity, plastic production and countless synthetic materials. As useful as this fossil fuel is in so many facets of our everyday lives, extracting it from the environment includes some risk, and disastrous oil spills have occurred. In this activity, students learn how oil spills are contained and remediated. Then students practice employing containment options on a small scale. Using their observations from the introductory activity, students then design a method to contain a larger volume of oil and to minimize contamination of the ecosystem.

Complete for 30 students working in pairs. 

Correlation to Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)

Science & Engineering Practices

Asking questions and defining problems
Planning and carrying out investigations
Constructing explanations and designing solutions
Obtaining, evaluation, and communicating information
Developing and using models

Disciplinary Core Ideas

MS-ETS1.A: Defining and Delimiting Engineering Problems
MS-ETS1.C: Optimizing the Design Solution
MS-ESS3.C: Human Impacts on Earth Systems
HS-ETS1.C: Optimizing the Design Solution
HS-ETS1.A: Defining and Delimiting Engineering Problems

Crosscutting Concepts

Scale, proportion, and quantity
Structure and function
Cause and effect
Systems and system models

Performance Expectations

MS-ETS1-1. Define the criteria and constraints of a design problem with sufficient precision to ensure a successful solution, taking into account relevant scientific principles and potential impacts on people and the natural environment that may limit possible solutions.
MS-ETS1-4. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.
MS-ETS1-2. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem.
HS-ETS1-1. Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.
HS-ETS1-2. Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering.
MS-ESS3-3. Apply scientific principles to design a method for monitoring and minimizing a human impact on the environment.